Sociology

Sociology Study Guide

Kinship Lobbying

A network of families who are related by common ancestry, adoption, marriage, or affiliation. Attempting to persuade a political decision- maker.

Magnet Schools Inner-city schools that offer specialized programs to encourage middle-class suburban students to attend. Majority-to-Minority Transfer A free transportation program that helps students move from a school where they are a majority to one where they are a minority. Mechanical Solidarity The bond of those in a society who share similar workloads and experiences. Nuclear Family A family pattern consisting of a couple and their children. Organic Solidarity The bond of those in a society who are interdependent on one another’s differences. Political Institutions Enduring social arrangements that distribute and exercise power. Political Order The institutionalized system from which individuals or groups exert power over others. Political Party Organizations made up of people with similar beliefs whose aim is to gain legitimate control over government. Political Processes Part of governments that grant rights and freedoms to citizens, assign responsibilities, and control access to and use of resources. Politics The social process by which people and groups acquire, exercise, maintain and/or lose power over others. Power The ability to control or influence the actions and behaviors of others, with or without their consent. Private Ownership When an individual owns property. Property The set of rights an owner has versus those of others who do not own it. Public Ownership When the state or political authority owns the property on behalf of the population. Reconstituted Family A family pattern that includes children from one of the parent’s previous marriages.

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