Anatomy & Physiology

Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide

Chapter 12: Structural Divisions of The Nervous System: Brain and Cranial Nerves The nervous system consists of all the neural tissue in the body. There are two nervous system divisions: the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and the spinal cord. The CNS integrates, processes, and coordinates sensory data and motor commands. The CNS houses the structures that provide the higher functions, such as memory, emotion, learning, and intelligence. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) includes all the neural tissue outside the CNS. The PNS sends sensory information to the CNS and carries motor controls to the peripheral tissues, organs, and systems that carry out the commands. Almost 97 percent of the neural tissue of the adult human body is confined within the brain. A “typical” brain weighs 1.4 kg (3 lb) and has a volume of 1200 cc (71 in 3 ). Brain size varies considerably among individuals.

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