Anatomy & Physiology

Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide

17.15 Chapter Seventeen Practice Exam 1. The use of a chemical messenger to transfer information from cell to cell within a single tissue is referred to as ______ communication. a. Direct b. Paracrine c. Hormonal d. Endocrine 2. Cyclic-AMP functions as a second messenger to __________________. a. Build proteins and catalyze specific reactions b. Activate adenylate cyclase c. Open ion channels and activate key enzymes in the cytoplasm d. Bind the hormone–receptor complex to DNA segments 3. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulates the release of __________________. a. Thyroid hormones by the hypothalamus b. Gonadotropins by the suprarenal glands c. Growth hormones by the hypothalamus d. Steroid hormones by the suprarenal glands 4. FSH production in males supports ... a. The maturation of sperm by stimulating nurse cells b. The development of muscles and strength c. The production of male sex hormones d. An increased desire for sexual activity 5. The two hormones released by the neurohypophysis are __________________. a. GH and gonadotropin b. Estrogen and progesterone c. GH and prolactin d. ADH and oxytocin

Achieve Page 221 A steroid b. A peptide c. Testosterone d. Estrogen e. Aldosterone 10. Increase blood calcium levels cause an increase in ______________. a. Secretion of calcitonin b. Secretion of PTH c. Kidney’s retention of calcium d. Osteoclast activity 6. All of the following are true of the endocrine system, except that it __________. a. Releases chemicals into the bloodstream for distribution throughout the body b. Releases hormones that simultaneously alter the metabolic activities of many different tissues and organs c. Causes effects that can last for hours, days, and longer d. Produces rapid, local, brief-duration responses to specific stimuli 7. A cell’s hormonal sensitivities are determined by the __________________. a. Chemical nature of the hormone b. Quantity of circulating hormone c. Shape of the hormone molecules d. Presence or absence of appropriate receptors 8. Endocrine organs can be regulated by all of the following, except __________________. a. Other endocrine glands’ hormones Changes in the genetic makeup of certain hypothalamic cells b. Direct neural stimulation c. Changes in the composition of extracellular fluid d. Releasing hormones from the hypothalamus 9. A researcher is studying _____ hormones and observes that stimulation by this hormone induces a marked increase in the activity of G proteins in the target plasma membrane. a. Answer key found on page 366 of 368

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