Anatomy & Physiology

Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide

Chapter 22: Respiratory System The respiratory system is comprised of structures involved in ventilation and gas exchange.

22.1 Functions of the Respiratory System The respiratory system has six basic functions: 1) transporting air into and from the lungs for gas exchange; 2) providing an extensive surface area for gas exchange between air and circulating blood within the lungs; 3) protecting respiratory surfaces from temperature changes, dehydration, and other environmental variations; 4) defending the respiratory system and other tissues from external invasion by irritants and pathogens; 5) producing sounds involved in speaking, singing, and verbal communications; and 6) detecting olfactory stimuli by receptors in the superior region of the nasal cavity. Also, the capillaries of the lungs indirectly assist in the regulation of blood volume and blood pressure.

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