Anatomy & Physiology

Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide

22.10 Chapter Twenty-Two Practice Exam 1. Surfactant ________________. a. Protects the surface of the lungs b. Phagocytizes small particulates c. Replaces mucus in the alveoli d. Helps prevent the alveoli from collapsing 2. The hard palate separates the ___________. a. Nasal cavity from the larynx b. Left and right sides of the nasal cavity c. Nasal cavity and the oral cavity d. External nares from the internal nares 3. Air moves into the lungs because ________. a. The gas pressure in the lungs is less than atmospheric pressure b. The volume of the lungs decreases with inspiration c. The thorax is muscular d. Contraction of the diaphragm decreases the volume of the pleural cavity 4. The glottis closes partway through an exhalation. The abdominal and internal intercostal muscles then contract suddenly, creating pressure that blasts the air out of the respiratory passages. This describes a ________________. a. Sneeze b. Hiccough c. Cough d. Laryngeal spasm 5. When the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract ________________. a. Expiration occurs b. Intrapulmonary pressure increases c. Intrapleural pressure decreases d. The volume of the lungs decreases

6. Which of the following does not occur in internal respiration? a. Oxygen diffuses from the blood to the interstitial spaces b. Carbon dioxide diffuses from the interstitial spaces to the blood c. Hemoglobin binds more oxygen d. Bicarbonate ions are formed in red blood cells 7. Gas exchange at the respiratory membrane is efficient because __________. a. The differences in partial pressure are substantial b. The gases are lipid soluble c. The total surface area is large d. All of the above 8. For any partial pressure of oxygen, if the concentration of 2,3-bisphospho-glycerate (BPG) increases ________________. a. The amount of oxygen released by hemoglobin will decrease b. The oxygen levels in hemoglobin will be unaffected c. The amount of oxygen released by hemoglobin will increase d. The amount of carbon dioxide carried by hemoglobin will increase 9. An increase in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood causes chemoreceptors to stimulate the respiratory centers, resulting in ___________. a. A decreased respiratory rate b. An increased respiratory rate c. Hypocapnia d. Hypercapnia

Answer key found on page 366.

©2018

Achieve Page 313

of 368