Human Growth and Development

Example: A person afraid of germs(obsession) may wash their hands many times(compulsion), even if it leads to physical pain. The cycle continues because washing only gives temporary relief, but the obsessive thoughts always come back. Treatment ●​ Effective treatment for OCD typically involves a form of psychotherapy called Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) with Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP). This therapy helps individuals learn to manage their anxiety without repeating compulsive behaviour. ●​ Medication may also be used in some cases, particularly when OCD symptoms are severe. H. Other Considerations Beyond core cognitive and emotional development, various factors influence an individual’s learning and daily functioning. One important area of consideration is intellectual disability, which affects cognitive abilities, adaptive skills, and overall development in unique ways. Intellectual Disability (ID) ID is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects a person’s ability to learn and carry out daily tasks. It starts in childhood and can be different from person to person. It is important to remember that ID can show across a wide spectrum of capabilities.

●​ An IQ score of 70 or below is used to diagnose ID ●​ IQ between 70 and 84 may not have a disability but may still struggle with learning and problem solving ●​ However single test scores does not show a person’s full abilities ●​ People with ID have different strengths and weaknesses ●​ Some may be very skilled in certain areas such as drawing, music or visual problem-solving ●​ It is important to recognise and support these strengths to build confidence and self-esteem ●​ Besides learning difficulties, ID also affects everyday skills like self care, communication and interacting with others ●​ The type of supports depends on their specific challenges and strengths

IQ Testing and Diagnosis

Di erence in Abilities

Daily Life Skills(Adaptive Behaviors)

By focusing on what individuals with ID can do well and providing the right type of support, they can develop skills and have a good life.

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