Human Growth and Development

Chapter 5: Review Questions 1.​ How does Freud's psychoanalytic theory explain the development of personality and behavior? A.​ By focusing solely on conscious thoughts and behaviors. B.​ By emphasizing the role of the unconscious mind, including mechanisms like repression. C.​ By prioritizing social and cultural influences over internal psychological processes. D.​ By dismissing the importance of childhood experiences in shaping personality. E.​ By attributing personality development to genetic factors alone. 2.​ Jamie is a four-year-old child who frequently experiences intense emotional reactions to minor setbacks and struggles with transitions. His temperament is naturally reactive and less adaptable. How can caregivers and educators best support Jamie in developing healthier emotional regulation and adaptability skills?

A.​ Ignore Jamie's outbursts to avoid reinforcing negative behavior. B.​ Encourage Jamie to spend more time alone to avoid frustration. C.​ Provide a predictable routine and teach calming techniques. D.​ Punish Jamie for intense reactions to discourage them. E.​ Allow Jamie to always have their preferred items to prevent outbursts. 3.​ A key characteristic of children with autism spectrum disorder is: A.​ Obsessive attachment to their mothers

B.​ Lack of motor coordination C.​ Unresponsiveness to others D.​ Hyperactivity E.​ Physical abnormality

4.​ Dan has lived with multiple sclerosis for nearly two decades. His symptoms, such as double vision and weakness, restrict his ability to perform daily activities. How would Dan’s condition be categorized? A.​ Mental disability B.​ Psychotic disorders C.​ Behavioral disability D.​ Learning disability E.​ Chronic illness 5.​ People who repeatedly wash their hands even when they are not dirty may be said to be exhibiting:

A.​ Learned helplessness B.​ A conversion reaction C.​ An obsession D.​ A phobia E.​ A compulsion

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