Human Growth and Development

Practice Exam 1.​ During which stage of Schaie's Stages of Adult Cognitive Development would an individual most likely focus on achieving personal goals such as starting a family or establishing a career by applying previously learned intellectual skills? C.​ Executive stage D.​ Acquisitive stage E.​ Reintegrative stage 2.​ Following Freud's psychoanalytic approach, which of the following is overactive if you tend to give in to cravings? A.​ Achieving stage B.​ Responsible stage

A.​ Id B.​ Ego C.​ Superego

D.​ Castration Anxiety E.​ Defense Mechanism

3.​ Jeff won money in the state lottery after buying five tickets, then after buying six more tickets, and then four more tickets (that is, after every fifth ticket, on average). Which reinforcement schedule maintains Jeff’s ticket-buying behavior?

A.​ Continuous B.​ Fixed ratio

C.​ Variable ratio D.​ Fixed interval E.​ Variable interval 4.​ How would you define epigenesis?

A.​ The process by which genetics and environment influence development B.​ The process by which genetics and behavior influence development C.​ The process by which behavior and environment influence development D.​ The process by which genetics and neural activity influence development E.​ The process by which genetics and physical activity influence development 5.​ Which of the following statements would Urie Bronfenbrenner likely agree with? A.​ The economy and political system are components of a child’s microsystem. B.​ Development is shaped by everything in a person’s surrounding environment.

C.​ A parent’s workplace is included in a child’s macrosystem. D.​ Parents are the sole influence on a person’s development. E.​ A child’s immediate family belongs to their exosystem.

© 2025 ACHIEVE ULTIMATE CREDIT-BY-EXAM GUIDE | HUMAN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT