N109: Foundations in Nursing Practice

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Chapter One: Functional Assessment	8
1.1 Growth and Development Across the Lifespan	8
1.2 Neonates and Infants: Birth to 1 Year	9
1.3 Toddler: 1 to 3 Years	11
1.4 Preschooler: 4 to 5 Years	13
1.5 School-Age: 6 to 12 Years	14
1.6 Adolescent: 12 to 18 Years	15
1.7 Young Adulthood: 18 to 40 Years	17
1.8 Middle Adulthood: 40 to 65 Years	18
1.9 Older Adults: Over 65 Years	20
1.10 Factors Influencing Growth, Development, Functional Ability, and Health	22
1.11 The Key Components of the Patient’s Bill of Rights	24
1.12 The Nursing Process	25
Chapter One Practice Exam	31
Chapter Two: Pain and Discomfort	33
2.1 Types of Discomfort and Pain	33
2.2 Characteristics of Pain	34
2.3 Physiology of Pain	35
2.4 Myths about Pain	36
2.5 Comfort Needs and Responses	37
2.6 Communication and Comfort	39
2.7 Factors Influencing Comfort and Communication	41
2.8 Non-Pharmacological Treatment Modalities	43
2.9 Pharmacological Treatment Modalities	44
2.10 The Nursing Process	45
Chapter Two Practice Exam	48
Chapter Three: Chronic Illness	50
3.1 Acute vs. Chronic Illness	50
3.2 Trajectory Model of Chronic Illness	50
3.3 Chronic Care Model	51
3.4 Adjustment Patterns	51
3.5 Problems Associated with Chronic Illness	51
3.6 Factors Influencing Chronic Illness	52
3.7 Alternative/Complementary Treatments	54
3.8 The Nursing Process	55
Chapter Three Practice Exam	57
Chapter Four: End of Life Care	59
4.1 Types of Loss	59
4.2 Types of Grief Responses	59
4.3 Theories of Loss and Grieving	60
4.4 Factors Influencing End of Life Care and the Grief Response	62
4.5 Death and Dying	65
4.6 Hospice and Palliative Care	67
4.7 Post-Mortem Care	67
4.8 The Nursing Process	68
Chapter Four Practice Exam	71
Chapter Five: Sensory Impairments	73
5.1 Sensory Impairment	73
5.2 Structure and Function of the Eye	73
5.3 Problems Causing Visual Impairment	74
5.4 Structure and Function of the Ear	77
5.5 Problems Causing Hearing Impairment	79
5.6 Clinical Manifestations of Sensory Impairment	80
5.7 Factors Influencing Sensory Ability and Impairment	81
5.8 The Nursing Process	83
Chapter Five Practice Exam	87
Chapter Six: Culture and Diversity	89
6.1 Definition of Concepts	89
6.2 Health and Culture	90
6.3 Theory of Transcultural Care	91
6.4 Factors Influencing Culture and Diversity	92
6.5 Spiritual Concepts and Practices	93
6.6 Complementary and Alternative Therapies	94
6.7 The Nursing Process	94
Chapter Six Practice Exam	97
Chapter Seven: Community-Based Nursing Care	99
7.1 Historical Perspectives	99
7.2 Healthy People 2020	99
7.3 Prevention	101
7.4 Practice Roles and Settings	102
7.5 Community Health Systems	102
7.6 Epidemiology and Communicable Disease	103
7.7 Factors Influencing Health in the Community	103
7.8 The Nursing Process	105
Chapter Seven Practice Exam	107
Appendix A: Key Terms and Concepts	109
Appendix B: Nursing Code of Ethics	116
Appendix C: Practice Exam	118
Appendix D: Answer Keys	149
Chapter 1	149
Chapter 2	150
Chapter 3	151
Chapter 4	152
Chapter 5	153
Chapter 6	154
Chapter 7	155
Practice Exam Answer Key	156

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