Human Growth and Development

Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders Trauma-based syndromes are a group of mental health disorders that develop in response to a traumatic event or long-term stress . These experiences can overwhelm a person's ability to cope, leading to the development of symptoms that affect their thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. The two most common disorders are post traumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder. Contributing Factors:

●​ Genetics: Family history can increase vulnerability. ●​ Biological Factors: Trauma triggers stress hormones that can affect brain function and emotions. ●​ Environmental Factors: The nature and severity of the trauma, as well as ongoing stressors, influence the likelihood of developing a disorder. G. Externalizing Disorders This section looks at mental health disorders that cause people to show outward expressions of emotional distress and problematic behaviors. These behaviors can make daily life and relationships more difficult. Common Externalizing Disorders ●​ Conduct disorder: This disorder involves a pattern of aggressive and disruptive behaviors that violate the rights of others. ●​ Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD): This disorder involves a pattern of defiant, negative and hostile behaviors especially towards authority figures like parents and teachers. ●​ Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): While ADHD can include impulsive and hyperactive behaviors, as well as trouble paying attention and staying focused. Understanding these disorders can help us identify early warning signs, get appropriate support and treatment to improve their well-being. Phobia It's important to know the difference between a typical fear and a phobia. A phobia is an intense and lasting fear of a specific object or situation that is much stronger than it should be and can make daily life difficult. People with phobias experience intense anxiety and even physical reactions (sweating, rapid heart rate, dizziness) when faced with the phobic stimulus . These reactions can be so severe that they interfere with a person's ability to go to school, work, or participate in social activities.

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