Human Growth and Development

Permissive-Indulgent - A parenting style combining low expectations with high warmth and leniency. Persistent Depressive Disorder - A mood disorder characterized by chronic, less severe depressive symptoms. Personality - The combination of emotional regulation, social interactions, and mental health that forms an individual's unique character. Phenylketonuria (PKU) - A genetic disorder affecting amino acid metabolism, leading to intellectual disability if not managed with a special diet. Phobias - Intense, irrational fears of specific objects or situations. Physical Stages of Dying - Stages that describe the physiological decline leading to death. Positive Punishment - Adding an aversive stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior. Positive Reinforcement - Adding a desirable stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) - A mental health disorder resulting from exposure to traumatic events. Potential Development - The maximum level of growth a child can achieve under ideal circumstances, in contrast to actual development. Pragmatics - The aspect of language that involves using communication effectively in different social contexts, understanding rules of conversation and non-verbal cues. Progeria - A genetic disorder causing rapid aging, often resulting in premature death.

Proximodistal Principle - The concept that physical and motor skill development occurs from the center of the body outward, as seen in the progression of arm to hand movements. Psychodynamic Theory - A psychological perspective that emphasizes the influence of the unconscious mind, early experiences, and interpersonal relationships on behavior. Psychomotor Changes - Physical restlessness or slowing down that can occur in mood disorders. Psychosocial Development - A developmental theory by Erikson focusing on how individuals navigate social and emotional challenges throughout life. Reaction Range - A concept suggesting that genetics sets limits on intelligence potential, while the environment determines where an individual falls within that range. Reinforcement Schedule - In operant conditioning, a strategy that specifies how often and under what conditions a behavior is reinforced to encourage or maintain it. Reticular Formation - A network of nerve cells in the brainstem that filters stimuli and helps regulate wakefulness and alertness. Retrieval Cues - Stimuli, such as visual or auditory cues, that aid in recalling information from memory. Right to Die - The concept that individuals should have control over ending their life, especially in cases of terminal illness. Scapegoating - A family dynamic where one member is unfairly blamed for issues within the family system.

© 2025 ACHIEVE ULTIMATE CREDIT-BY-EXAM GUIDE | HUMAN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT​

187